Factores de riesgo para mortalidad por COVID-19 en adultos ingresados en un hospital de Honduras / Risk factors to COVID-19 mortality in adults admitted to a hospital in Honduras

Según estudios a nivel internacional, los casos fatales de la COVID-19 están relacionados con edad avanzada, sexo masculino y presencia de enfermedades crónicas. Objetivo: Determinar factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por COVID-19 en pacientes adultos ingresados en un hospital público de Honduras. Métodos: Estudio tipo casos y controles en pacientes ingresados con diagnóstico de COVID-19; Casos: pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 con condición de egreso fallecido, Controles: pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 con condición de egreso alta médica. Se analizó una muestra de 100 casos y 200 controles. Se realizó análisis de características demográficas, clínicas y laboratoriales, posteriormente se estimaron OR y se construyó un modelo de regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: Se encontró que 57.5% (171/300) tenía 60 años o más y 60.3% (181/300) era del sexo masculino. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron dificultad respiratoria 94%, fiebre 90.3% y tos 86%. Los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por COVID-19 fueron edad (OR 10.40 IC95% 3.96-27.30), sexo masculino (OR 3.25 IC95% 1.75-6.06), comorbilidades (OR 2.14 IC95% 1.03-4.45), niveles elevados de dímero D (OR 2.28 IC95% 1.20-4.32) y LDH (OR 5.65 IC95% 2.62-12.18). Discusión: Los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por COVID-19 encontrados en este estudio coinciden con los presentados en estudios internacionales. Es necesario identificar los pacientes con estos factores para ofrecer manejos oportunos según su condición clínica...(AU)

The Collaborative Role of North American Departments of Pediatrics in Global Child Health.

Appeals for health equity call for departments of pediatrics to improve the health of all children including those from underserved communities in North America and around the world. Consequently, North American (NA) departments of pediatrics have a role in global child health (GCH) which focuses on providing health care to underserved children worldwide. In this review, we describe how NA departments of pediatrics can collaboratively engage in GCH education, clinical practice, research, and advocacy and summarize best practices, challenges, and next steps for engaging in GCH in each of these areas. For GCH in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), best practices start with the establishment of ethical, equitable, and collaborative partnerships with LMIC communities, organizations, and institutions engaged in GCH who are responsible for the vast majority of work done in GCH. Other best practices include adequate preparation of trainees and clinicians for GCH experiences; alignment with local clinical and research priorities; contributions to local professional development and ongoing monitoring and evaluation. Challenges for departments include generating funding for GCH activities; recruitment and retention of GCH-focused faculty members; and challenges meeting best practices, particularly adequate preparation of trainees and clinicians and ensuring mutual benefit and reciprocity in NA-LMIC collaborations. We provide examples of how departments have overcome these challenges and suggest next steps for development of the role of NA departments of pediatrics in GCH. Collaborative implementation of best practices in GCH by LMIC-NA partnerships can contribute to reductions of child mortality and morbidity globally.